My practice focuses primarily on the areas of environmental law, land use, zoning, real estate development and litigation. I represent clients throughout New York State in connection with securing the federal, state and local municipal approvals necessary to develop property into industrial, commercial and residential uses. This development work regularly involves matters involving compliance with federal and state environmental laws and regulations. In connection with this work, I regularly represent clients before administrative agencies, including the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation and the Army Corps of Engineers, and before municipal boards throughout New York State.My litigation practice generally involves complex environmental litigation, often involving defending or challenging compliance with SEQRA in connection with project approvals or denials, and challenging other agency determinations through Article 78 proceedings. My litigation experience also involves defending and prosecuting cost recovery actions in federal court actions under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). I also have experience representing clients before Industrial Development Agencies to obtain financial benefits necessary for project development. Such representation includes preparation and prosecution of applications for financial benefits, including sales and use tax exemptions, Payment in Lieu of Tax Agreements (PILOTs) and mortgage recording tax exemptions.I regularly represent clients in the mining and commercial aggregate industries, developing strategies for siting and permitting of mining operations, commercial aggregate, hot-mix asphalt and ready-mix concrete facilities. I also represent mining companies in connection with investigations and enforcement actions involving the Mine Safety and Health Administration.